Obligation-Conflict Resolution

Case 08-8 (2008) · Selection of Firm—Promise of Future Engineering Work on a Public Project

Professional obligations conflict, and the board applies no fixed rule for which one wins. Each resolution is recorded as three edges: competesWith (the tension), prevailsOver (the obligation the board allowed to win in this case), and defeasibleUnder (the situation under which the yielding obligation gives way). The same tension is then traced across comparable cases, where its resolution shifts with context. Hover any obligation or state to see its definition; click to open it in OntServe.
How this case resolved it
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Engineer C Procurement Law Compliance City X Verbal Promise prevails over Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Competitive Procurement Public Interest Alignment — City X
  • Engineer C Conflict of Interest from Promise
  • Engineer C Procurement Subversion — City X Future Contract
  • Engineer C Verbal Pre-Award Promise to Engineer A's Firm
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer C Public Announcement Open Competition Minimum Standard City X prevails over Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Competitive Procurement Public Interest Alignment — City X
  • Engineer C Conflict of Interest from Promise
  • Engineer C Procurement Subversion — City X Future Contract
  • Engineer C Verbal Pre-Award Promise to Engineer A's Firm
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer A Honorable Professional Conduct Procurement Acceptance City X prevails over Engineer A Speculative Contribution Non-Entitlement Acknowledgment Grant Work
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Engineer A Firm Speculative Grant Engagement
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer C Verbal Pre-Selection Promise Non-Issuance City X Future Project prevails over Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Competitive Procurement Public Interest Alignment — City X
  • Engineer C Conflict of Interest from Promise
  • Engineer C Procurement Subversion — City X Future Contract
  • Engineer C Verbal Pre-Award Promise to Engineer A's Firm
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer A Honorable Professional Conduct Procurement Pre-Selection Arrangement prevails over Engineer A Speculative Contribution Non-Entitlement Acknowledgment Grant Work
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Engineer A Firm Speculative Grant Engagement
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer C Competitive Procurement Fairness City X Future Contract prevails over Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Competitive Procurement Public Interest Alignment — City X
  • Engineer C Conflict of Interest from Promise
  • Engineer C Procurement Subversion — City X Future Contract
  • Engineer C Verbal Pre-Award Promise to Engineer A's Firm
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer C Competitive Procurement Fairness City X Future Project prevails over Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Competitive Procurement Public Interest Alignment — City X
  • Engineer C Conflict of Interest from Promise
  • Engineer C Procurement Subversion — City X Future Contract
  • Engineer C Verbal Pre-Award Promise to Engineer A's Firm
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer C Public Procurement Authority Competitive Process Enforcement City X prevails over Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Competitive Procurement Public Interest Alignment — City X
  • Engineer C Conflict of Interest from Promise
  • Engineer C Procurement Subversion — City X Future Contract
  • Engineer C Verbal Pre-Award Promise to Engineer A's Firm
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer C Honorable Professional Conduct Procurement City X prevails over Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Competitive Procurement Public Interest Alignment — City X
  • Engineer C Conflict of Interest from Promise
  • Engineer C Procurement Subversion — City X Future Contract
  • Engineer C Verbal Pre-Award Promise to Engineer A's Firm
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
Engineer A Verbal Pre-Selection Promise Non-Acceptance City X Future Project prevails over Engineer A Speculative Contribution Non-Entitlement Acknowledgment Grant Work
the two obligations are in tension (competesWith)
the yielding obligation gives way only under (defeasibleUnder):
  • Engineer A Firm Speculative Grant Engagement
  • Free and Open Competition Framework — City X Procurement Context
  • Informal Pre-Award Selection Commitment — Engineer C to Engineer A
What the board concluded
  • It was not ethical for Engineer C to promise to select Engineer A’s firm on a future engineering project for City X.
How comparable cases resolved the same tension

Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X yields to Engineer C Procurement Law Compliance City X Verbal Promise. The yielding obligation ("Engineer C Good Intent Non-Justification Procurement Promise City X") recurs across cases; the obligation that overrides it and the context under which it yields differ case by case. This is the case-law move: not a single rule, but a family of context-indexed resolutions.

Case Obligation that prevailed Yielding obligation Context (defeasibleUnder)
16-3
Professional Selection—Receipt of...
Engineer A Procurement Integrity Public Interest QBS Administration Engineer A Good Intent Non-Justification Firm B Sympathy Procurement Firm B Late Submission Procurement Integrity Tension; Prior Favorable Relationship - Engineer A and Firm B
24-03
Public Contracting Practices
Procurement Violation Corrective Action City D Engineer Post-Investigation Ethical Conduct Obligation City D Engineer Procurement Rationalization City D Firm Z Recent Contracts Non-Compliance State
22-2
Sharing As-Built Drawings
Equal Pre-Bid Information Access Enforcement Engineer D Pre-Bid Request Pattern Engineer D Good Intent Non-Justification Informal As-Built Sharing Engineer D Informal As-Built Sharing Without Formal Permission
22-3
Review of Other Engineer’s Work
City Administrator Client Procurement Process Integrity Obligation Instance Fairness in Professional Competition Engineer C City Administrator Procurement --
94-5
Conflict Of Interest Providing Both City...
Firm A Public Role Marketing Exploitation Prohibition Firm A Competitive Fairness Non-Exploitation of City Contract Firm A Public Role Marketing Tool Exploitation